Mantle cell lymphoma (LCM)
Clinical table
The LCM is a rare disease of the hematopoietic system (responsible for the formation of blood). The disease originates in a single immune system cell that has become non-functional following an error in cell division and that multiplies uncontrollably. At the advanced stage of the disease, clinical symptoms often include a palpable or visible increase in lymph node volume, which is a common symptom of lymphomas. In addition, the spleen and the liver can also increase in volume. Bone marrow is also often affected and lymphoma cells are detected. Lymphoma cells are only detectable in the blood in about one in four cases. The following associated symptoms are common: night sweats, weight loss and fever. But these are not unequivocal signs of lymphoma. A medical consultation is necessary to clarify the symptoms and to estimate the origin correctly.
Prognosis
The LCM often responds well to initial treatment, but tends to reoffend quickly. In advanced stages, a cure is often impossible, but treatment helps to slow the progression of the disease. The higher goals are the relief of pain and the continuation of survival. The doctor decides individually for each patient the treatment adapted to the situation and the optimal time of his administration. The age of the patient, its general condition and the possible comorbidities influence this choice.
Acute myeloid leukemia
Clinical table
Acute myeloid leukemia (LAM) is a malignant form of blood cancer. The symptoms of LAM are multiple. These include fever, increased susceptibility to infections, abdominal pain, anemia, swollen lymph nodes and joint pain. This type of cancer is characterized by a rapid increase in blood blasts; Blasts are immature, non-functional cells of the blood cells that supplant the latter. The blood cells perform various vital functions such as oxygen transport, coagulation and infection protection. Starting from the bone marrow, LAM can spread through the blood in the lymphatic tissue and in all other organs.
LAM is a rare disease. Two to three people out of 100 000 are concerned. In the age group of 70 to 85 years, the number of persons concerned is increasing and is between 15 and 25. In children and adolescents, LAM is the second most common type of leukemia. 1
Treatment
The treatment of LAM depends on the age and the general condition of the patient. In younger patients, chemotherapy is administered to eliminate leukemic cells in the body and thus allow the bone marrow to resume its hematopoietic function (= Blood trainer). At the same time, patients receive treatment to alleviate side effects. A cure is possible by applying various combination treatments.
It is not uncommon for the general state of elderly patients to no longer allow the implementation of intensive chemotherapy. Instead, non-intensive treatments such as reduced-dose chemotherapy are used in these individuals. The goal is to roll back the disease. To achieve a cure is however not possible without intensive treatment.
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